We can test most things from the comfort of home

TPO antibodies (TPO-ab) are antibodies directed against thyroid peroxidase, an enzyme essential for the production of thyroid hormones. Elevated levels of TPO antibodies may indicate an autoimmune reaction affecting the thyroid gland and are commonly associated with conditions such as Hashimoto's thyroiditis and Graves' disease. TPO antibodies can sometimes be elevated even when thyroid hormone levels are still within normal ranges.

Neisseria gonorrhoeae is the bacterium that causes gonorrhoea, a sexually transmitted infection that can affect the mucous membranes of the genital tract, urinary tract, rectum or throat. It may cause symptoms such as abnormal discharge, burning when urinating or lower abdominal pain, but it can also be present without noticeable symptoms.

Gonorrhoea is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae. It can affect the urethra, rectum, and throat, and in women, may also infect the cervix. Most common among people aged 15–24, gonorrhoea can lead to serious health complications if left untreated.

Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) IgM antibodies are immune proteins that may develop as part of the body’s immune response to herpes simplex virus, including HSV-1 and/or HSV-2. IgM antibodies are sometimes associated with a recent immune response, but they can be difficult to interpret and may also appear during recurrent infections. A positive result does not confirm an active infection and does not distinguish between HSV-1 and HSV-2.

Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) IgG antibodies are immune proteins that may develop after exposure to herpes simplex virus, including HSV-1 and/or HSV-2. IgG antibodies usually appear later than IgM antibodies and can remain detectable in the body for a long time. A positive result may indicate previous exposure to HSV, but this marker does not show whether the infection is active or distinguish between HSV-1 and HSV-2.

Dust mite allergen, which is a common indoor allergen causing respiratory issues and skin reactions.

Hydroxymethylglutarate (HMG), particularly as β-hydroxy β-methylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA), is a compound that fulfils two crucial functions in the body. It is a key intermediate in cholesterol synthesis, essential for producing cell membranes, steroid hormones, and bile acids. Furthermore, in the liver, HMG-CoA aids in the production of ketone bodies, which act as an alternative energy source during fasting, low-carbohydrate diets, or vigorous exercise when glucose levels are diminished.

Vitamin E is a fat-soluble antioxidant that helps protect cells from damage and supports immune function. It also plays a key role in maintaining healthy skin and blood vessels. Vitamin E is commonly found in foods such as vegetable oils, nuts, seeds, and green leafy vegetables. Although deficiency is uncommon, it can lead to neurological problems.

Glutamate is a key excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain that plays a vital role in cognitive processes such as learning and memory. It is essential for brain development and synaptic plasticity. However, excessive levels of glutamate can cause neuronal overstimulation, leading to potential neurotoxicity. This balance makes glutamate crucial for normal brain function while also linking it to various neurological disorders.

Edam cheese intolerance is a condition that causes difficulty digesting Edam cheese, a semi-hard cheese known for its mild and nutty flavour. Unlike an Edam cheese allergy, which involves the immune system and can provoke severe reactions, intolerance mainly results in digestive discomfort. Those with Edam cheese intolerance often experience symptoms such as stomach pain, bloating, or nausea after consuming Edam cheese or products containing it.

Lactose intolerance is a digestive condition caused by reduced levels of lactase, the enzyme required to break down lactose — the sugar found in milk and dairy products. This deficiency can result in symptoms such as bloating, wind, and abdominal discomfort after consuming foods containing lactose.

Green tea intolerance is a condition that reflects an individual’s difficulty in digesting green tea, a widely consumed beverage known for its health benefits and antioxidant content. Unlike a green tea allergy, which triggers an immune response and more severe symptoms, green tea intolerance mainly causes digestive discomfort and gastrointestinal symptoms after consumption.

Dopamine is a crucial neurotransmitter that supports the brain’s reward and motivation systems. It plays vital roles in regulating mood, pleasure, focus, memory, and movement control. Imbalances in dopamine levels can impact mental well-being and are associated with conditions such as depression, anxiety, and Parkinson’s disease.

Trichomonas vaginalis infection (Trichomoniasis) is a common sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by the parasite Trichomonas vaginalis. It affects both men and women, although symptoms are more commonly observed in women. This infection can cause irritation and increase the risk of acquiring other STIs, including HIV.

Influenza B is a strain of the influenza virus that contributes to seasonal flu outbreaks, primarily affecting humans. Although generally less common than Influenza A, it can still cause significant illness, particularly in children and young adults. Testing for Influenza B is crucial for accurate diagnosis, timely treatment, and effective prevention during the flu season.

Diamine oxidase (DAO) is an enzyme that aids in the breakdown of histamine, a compound involved in immune function, digestion, and nervous system activity. Maintaining healthy DAO levels is essential for regulating histamine balance and reducing the risk of histamine intolerance.

Kidney bean intolerance is a condition that affects some individuals’ ability to properly digest kidney beans, a common legume known for its high protein and fibre content. While kidney beans provide important nutrients, intolerance can lead to digestive discomfort and related symptoms.

Allergies to mice and rats are a common issue, particularly in laboratory settings or homes where these animals are kept as pets. Allergens from mice and rats—present in their urine, dander, and saliva—can become airborne and provoke allergic reactions in susceptible individuals.

Dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (DGLA) is an Omega-6 fatty acid derived from gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) and acts as a precursor to key eicosanoids. DGLA contributes to the regulation of inflammation and may help support cardiovascular health.

Homovanillic acid (HVA) is a metabolite that reflects the breakdown of dopamine, a key neurotransmitter in the body. HVA levels serve as an important marker for assessing dopamine activity. Variations in HVA can indicate changes in dopamine function and are used to monitor the effectiveness of treatments targeting dopamine metabolism.

The cholesterol-to-HDL (Chol:HDL) ratio is a measure that reflects the balance between total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol in the blood. This ratio is used to assess the risk of heart disease, with a lower ratio indicating a healthier balance and a reduced risk. It is often considered a more accurate indicator of cardiovascular health than total cholesterol levels alone.

Docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) is a long-chain omega-3 fatty acid that plays a significant role in supporting health, although it is less well-known than eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Found primarily in fish and seafood, DPA supports cardiovascular function, brain health, and overall well-being.

Sea buckthorn is a bright orange berry known for its tart flavour and rich nutritional content. It is commonly used in foods such as juices, jams, and supplements. However, some individuals may experience intolerance to sea buckthorn, which can cause discomfort when consuming products made from this berry.

Savoy cabbage is a variety of cabbage recognised for its crinkled leaves and mild flavour. It is a versatile ingredient used in many culinary dishes. However, some individuals may experience intolerance to Savoy cabbage, which can affect their ability to consume it comfortably.

Gluten intolerance, also known as non-coeliac gluten sensitivity, is a condition characterised by difficulty digesting gluten — a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye. Unlike coeliac disease, which is an autoimmune disorder, or wheat allergy, which involves an immune response, gluten intolerance primarily causes gastrointestinal discomfort without triggering those immune mechanisms.

Nicotinic acid (niacin or vitamin B3) is an essential nutrient that helps convert food into energy and supports healthy skin, nerve function, and digestion. It is naturally found in foods such as meat, fish, and grains, and can also be produced from the amino acid tryptophan. A deficiency in nicotinic acid can lead to pellagra, a condition characterised by diarrhoea, dermatitis, and dementia.

Bifidobacterium is a key genus of beneficial bacteria that primarily inhabit the human gastrointestinal tract. They play an important role in supporting digestion, enhancing immune function, producing essential vitamins, and combating harmful microbes. Maintaining a balanced level of Bifidobacterium is essential for a healthy gut microbiome.

Pomegranate intolerance refers to a sensitivity that some people have to pomegranate, a vibrant and nutrient-rich fruit known for its sweet and tangy flavour. While pomegranate is enjoyed in many dishes and drinks, intolerance can cause discomfort and restrict its consumption for those affected.

Tramadol is a prescription opioid analgesic used to treat moderate to severe pain. It works by binding to opioid receptors in the brain and affecting neurotransmitters such as serotonin and noradrenaline, altering the perception of pain.